Monthly Archives: January 2016

Can It Be True?

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We have to admit that, when reading Ketrzynski’s claims we were skeptical.  Indeed, we still are skeptical about some of his derivations and, as we said before, not every Wind or Wend may be connected with the Wends, Veneti or Slavs.  Some of these may have to do with the wind or with the wending of the rivers, etc.  Likewise, not every Culm strikes us as Slavic nor every –itz (although on this last point, oddly enough, the -itz names seem to be present only in those parts of Germany where Slavs were either documented or were suspected by Ketrzynski).  So in that sense he may be overestimating various Slavic place names.

On the other hand, it is also the case that:

  • there were a number of place names in Germany that seem Slavic to us that were not included by Ketrzynski – one of the reasons for this may simply be that he did not have a computer to zoom in and out and would have included them had he known about them;
  • he excluded from analysis, honestly stating that he was no expert on non-Germanic names, a number of names that appear Slavic but that are in other countries such as Italy (most obviously) but also France and the Netherlands (a topic of some posts on this site);
  • it is likely that in Ketrzynski’s time many former Slavic names had been so altered that by the 19th century when he wrote, it’d have been impossible to recreate their Slavic character – here names with the German ending -au come to mind;
  • even going through his list – which is only about 150 years old – we notice that some names are no longer findable.  They are listed in older sources (i.e., he did not make them up) but are impossible to locate – perhaps because they were renamed (even putting aside the Nazis’ policies on renaming Slavic names, some names may have been changed just in the course of time);

Therefore, it is just as likely that he undercounted Slavic names.

In any event, prudence, honesty and scholarship dictated that we should look at some of Ketrzynski claims to be Slavic.

We were skeptical but then we came across these.

Krakow

We will go back to this one more time.  The fact that there is a Cracow in Poland surprises no one.

krakowska

But there is a Krakow am See in Eastern Germany too.  That Cracow counts as Slavic and that too is not questioned.

krakow

However, that there should be a Cracow on the West bank of the Rhine should surprise people.  And it should surprise them not just for the similarity of sounds.  It should surprise them because the name was reproduced on maps with the “classic” Slavic -ow suffix.  We already posted its location but, what the heck, here is another map:

crakow

Interestingly, the Germans spell the Rheinish Crakow and the Mecklenburgian Krakow with an –ow suffix but the Polish Krakau one with an -au.  Just this should be enough to ask how many -au ‘s in Germany are really Slavic.  (Of course, we may have gotten this wrong – maybe the Polish Cracow is really a German town).

krokowskis

The three Cracows

To see that Carraca was also a town of the Beluni tribe of Venetia (or West of Venetia as Ptolemy claims) consult Ptolemy’s Geography.

On how an -ow becomes an -au see below.

Belgrad & Co

Wait, what? Belgrade, the capital of Serbia?  No, not that one.  The one in Pomerania that was called Belgard and after World War II became Białogard?   The one on Bodensee.  You know the Bodensee (the Lacus Veneticus), the home of the Vindelici who must have absolutely, positively been Celts.  The Bodensee which has Bregenz on the Austrian side also has (or had) a bunch of interesting town names on the German, that is, Schwabian or as we say Suevian, side around the beautiful town of Lindau.  Thus, we have Belgrad says Ketrzynski.

Naaaaaaa… no way – he must be lying…

belgrattskisHmmm… Probably just a random fluctuation in the ether….

belgrrat

The three Belgrads

But surely we are not suggesting that the nearby town Allwind was Windisch, i.e., Slavic?  Surely, it means it’s “all windy here”…

altwinden

Altwinden!?

Our view – this proves nothing…

And, speaking of things that prove absolutely nothing, here Grod – in the same area.

grottskis

Whether Edelitz, Engelitz or Lengatz could be Slavic (not to mention Beuren and Butzen) we leave to you.  And if you really want to “conspiracy theory” here, note that Belgrad is in Gemeinde Reutin.  That Reutin contains the classic Slavic -in suffix is no doubt also coincidental.

belgratt

That Kochlin is also in the same Gemeinde just shows the depth and perfidy of the Slavic conspiracy here.

kochlin

And the Kremlen has nothing to do with anything of the same name.

And the frequent references to Isner, Isiga or Isen have nothing to do with the Slavs either:reutinisa

We could go on (and so we will)

Suffice it to say that, it seems to us, that Ketrzyski was onto something here.  Something that seems perhaps somewhat insane but maybe not too insane.

Do you think that Pitz is a Slavic town?  It has a Slavic -itz ending but, c’m on, German names also have -itz’es (e.g., der alte Fritz).

What if the Pitz sits next to a Wiesle?  Is it different then?

pitz

Is Schlewiz a Slavic mountain name?

What if it was called Ischlawitz before?

ischlawitz

Apparently, still not.

What about Granges?  That is a French name and appears in a number of places in the Alps.  To be clear here we are talking about the Western Alps – not somewhere next to Slovenia!

What if you knew that the town had been called Gradetz before?

granges

Strange as all this may be, it all seems like a coincidence.

Surely, a town like Obertal was, is and forever bleibt Deutsch?

Would it matter if we knew it was previously called Britznach?

britznach2

We say hell no!  Makes no difference whatsoever!

But what if the Britznach had (before it was a Britznach) been recorded as a Britzina vel Brissina?

britzina

We already mentioned Krakau coming from Krakow but many such cases exist.

Fahr Out Man!

Here is a beautiful postcard of Mecklenburg.  It shows, amongst other towns, the town of Warnow.  The town of Warnow is said to derive its name from the Polabian Slavic tribe of Warni – a tribe that was a member of the Obodrite Confederation.

ostseeska

So far so good.

Now, here is a question, what does Warnow in Mecklenburg have to do with the town of Fahrnau which is located in the southwest corner of Germany in Baden Wurttemberg?

warnowskos

The two Warnows

Seemingly nothing – they could not be further apart within Germany (at least current Germany – given its many lost wars, there is only so much German territory we can work with here to make our point).

Which makes the following historic set of names of the town Fahrnau somewhat strange:

fahrnau

We are not saying that all of these are indicative of some great Slavic (really Wendish or Venetic) empire but it’s hard not to admit that Ketrzynski may have “something” here and not to complain that “mainstream” historiography has not really bothered to offer an answer to Ketrzynski’s questions for over a century and a half – its performance has been, to put it politely, dismal.

Stutgard

Stuttgart has the same etymology as Belgard (or Belgrade) and Stargard.  But what does that mean?  That Stuttgart is Slavic or that Stargard is not Slavic?  Or are we going to split the difference?  But Stuttgart has a -t not a -d, right?  It does but it didn’t always:

gratten

It is supposed to have been built as a horse farm (or stud farm), i.e., Stuotengarten or Stutengarten. And what of Bebling? Berlin, Barlin?  Or should these be Berling and Barling?  As to the Hebrew gadar, that is way beyond our competences.

And if you think this is just too crazy, take a look at this 16th century Mercator map showing a Winada – today’s Winnenden between Schorndorf and Marbach am Neckar slightly northeast of Stuttgart.

And some links to other interesting names:

such as these -ins or these oddly familiar names (e.g., Barlin or Moskau) or these Bretonian names.

Make of it what you will but we are quite confused here.

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January 12, 2016

Kętrzyński Strikes South

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Here is Wojciech Kętrzyński’s attempt at locating Slavic place names in south Germany, Western Austria and Switzerland:

ketrinski To the East of the green line we have Slavs, Germans in parts of Austria and more Slavs in southern Austria.  Ketrzynski  was not interested in those areas since their Slavic history (or present) were well known.

So once we combine the North and the South, this is what we get – again West of the Elbe-Saale/Solawa line (and we now have Krakow by Duisburg in there too – see the circle).  As we said before, Kętrzyński did not include any non-German speaking countries so the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, France and Britain are left out of this:ketrinski3
Or:

ketrin4

We will have more to say about this.  But in the meantime the Norican theory of Nestor and the Vindelici theory are looking mighty appealing.

Did we mention that there was a theory that derived Germani from Gera/Gora, i.e., mountain?  That is mountain men?  (e.g., Gorale).

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January 11, 2016

Veneti Spinning on the Wheel of History

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[the answer to question 3 in our puzzle from the prior entry is obviously Galava – the name for the Roman fort at the town of WaterHEAD.  But Galava is no doubt Celtic, after all it has that -ava ending, ya know like, say Solava, Morava or Varsava (as to the other Qs, your guess is as good as ours)]

Now onto other things…

That (social) science hypotheses travel in circles should surprise no one.  These days it has become fashionable to question the Slavic nature of the Veneti (or, more precisely, the notion that the Slavs derive their ancestry from a people previously referred to as the Veneti).  However, not so long ago precisely this was dogma.  According to that most critical of the critics, Aleksander Brueckner, ancient reference to the Slavs included the Veneti (including the Veleti of Ptolemy).  The same viewpoint was adopted by the German Max Vasmer who concluded that:

“[Based on the old sources] there is no doubt that the Veneti were Slavic.”

vasmerskis

(Of course, Vasmer is talking here about the Vistula Veneti and the Danube Veneti but says nothing about any other Veneti.  The context was Vasmer’s review of Walter Steller’s book which set out the so-called “Slawentheorie”.  Vasmer ridiculed Steller’s work mercilessly including the belief that the Veneti were Germanic.  Since Steller did not have a view on Gallic, Adriatic or Paphlagonian Veneti (his aim was “only” to prove that there was no such thing as Slavs so he did not care about Veneti outside of the current boundaries of Slavdom) Vasmer likewise did not have to take the view on other Veneti.)

Where We Are – Something Else

Nowadays, when Germanic Veneti theories are no longer acceptable due to their
“problematic” associations, it is instead fashionable to say that the Veneti may have been “something else” (non-Germanic, non-Slavic, perhaps “Illyrian” – whatever that may mean).  Based on our review of past sources, however, this seems to be a bit of a cop out – perhaps designed to prevent peoples (in this case Slavs) from feeling like they have too long a history in one place.  There simply seems to be too much evidence that they were the ancestors of most of the northern Slavs (perhaps too, though less likely, of some Balts) were the “Vistula” Veneti.

(And, as we are fond of pointing out, if the Vistula Veneti were, as all sources seem to indicate at the Vistula, then there is not much room for any Germanic kingdoms in the area at the time of Tacitus/Ptolemy with the possible exception of the Burgundians and the Goths (the latter, most likely, if at all, at the mouth of the Oder and, as we know, there only temporarily before setting shop in Ukraine)).

Where We Are – Somewhere Else

An alternative “theory” has been to grant the Veneti Slavic status (or at least not argue about it) but move them “somewhere else” – to the Pripyet marshes or the Carpathians or anywhere but here.  Take a look at this helpful map (it also helpfully explains that the Lugii were Vandalic – just in case you did not get that):

maps

That is, the thinking seems to be that “if they can’t be Germanic or at least Illyrian then they shouldn’t be at the Vistula at all!”  Any Veneti should be offended by this suggestion – whether they be Germanic, Illyrian, Slavic or Ottoman, since Ptolemy – the only ancient author that we know actually aimed to (and did) produce a geographic work on the area – squarely places the Veneti on the Vistula and even names the a portion (or all?) of the Baltic Sea – the Venetic Bay.

Ptolemy who?  What did he write!?

geografia

(note too that Tacitus says nothing about the geographic location of the Veneti or, put differently, where the “Hic” is in Hic Suevia finis)

Where We Go Next?

Where will they place the poor Veneti in the next century?

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January 7, 2016

Puzzle

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Question 1: Why is there a Rusland on this map?

Question 2: What is the name of this lake?

Question 3: What Roman fort may have been located at the place called Waterhead up above? (hint: See the Itinerarium provinciarum Antonini Augusti – or see below*)

questions

Another interesting example from the same source (Itinerariumagain, in Britain):

Item a Calleva Isca Dumnuniorum mpm CXXXVI sic
Vindomi mpm XV
Venta Belgarum mpm XXI
Brige mpm XI
Sorbiodoni mpm VIII
Vindogladia mpm XII
Durnonovaria mpm VIII
Muriduno mpm XXXVI
Isca Dumnuniorum mpm XV

You can read more about, for example, the town of Salisbury (aka Sorbiodoni aka Sorvioduni) in the county of Wiltshire (of course!) over here.  Strange, no?

* Clanoventa or Galava (i.e., Waterhead).

Copyright ©2016 jassa.org

January 4, 2016

On the Waters of Jassa – in the West

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We’ve already brought up some strange rivers in the East that some claim to be of “Alanic” origin here.

However, similar rivers exist in Germany too (and in between but we will get to that).  Take for example, the Jossa.  It is one of the few German river names that ends with an -a suffix.  But, you might say a Jossa is no Jassa.  True, but we have the following recorded names for the same river:

  • year 1358  – Iozza
  • 1359 – Iazza
  • 1376 – Iazza
  • 1391 – Iosza (!)

A town nearby is also called Jossa.  Its recorded history is as follows:

  • year 850 – Jazaha
  • 1167 – Jazaha
  • 1213 – Jazzaha
  • 1239 – Iazahe
  • 1240 – Jaza
  • 1326 – Jaaza

The Jat is as the below citation from the source (Deutsches Gewaessernamenbuch by Albrecht Greule) an “unclear Bestimmungswort.”

jossa2

Perhaps, as the author muses, Celtic.  He also relates it to Jahr and to the OCSlavonic word jado (I ride) and to the ON Jabbeke/Jatbeka (a town in Westflanders!).  Then, of course, there are the Jatvingi…

rivers1

and what’s with the ash?

In any event, there is also a nearby stream Josbach which – just as the Jossa – originally had an “a” in place of the “o”.  Thus, its names are recorded as:

  • year 1196 – Jazbach
  • 1280 – Jazpach
  • 1350 – Jaspach

josbach

josbach2

There was also the Joessnitz (now Kaltenbach) previously Iezniz (“Eschenbach” or Ash stream).

jossnitz

And so on.  And in the North we have the river Leda which, it seems, originally, was also spoken with an -a”: see Lathamuthon (the mouth of Latha).

rivers

and again what’s with the ash? not to mention Veendam

leda2

So now we have Jassa and Leda in West Germany.  Remains of the Celts?  Of passing Alans?  Or of Suevi vel Suavi?

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January 3, 2016