Gospel of Cividale (Italian: Evangelario di Cividale, Slovene: čedadski evangelij, čedajski evangelij or štivanski evangelij, Croatian: čedadski evanđelistar), at first named the Codex of Aquileia (Latin: codex aquileiensis, codex foroiulensis, Slovene: Oglejski kodeks), is a medieval Latin transcript of the Gospel of Mark, written on parchment. It is named after Cividale del Friuli, a town in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Northern Italy) where it is kept. It contains about 1500 Suavic and German names of pilgrims to the monastery of San Giovanni di Duino (Štivan, today part of the Duino Aurisina municipality), written in the second half of the 9th and the first half of the 10th century. The monastery was a property of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. The Gospel contains the first known Croatian autographs in a Latin text. A part of the manuscript resides in Cividale de Friuli, and another in Prague. The particular evengeliary comes from the 6th century but the belief was that it was much older. As a result, it was a religious tourist attraction for the monastery where it had been kept. Thus, many of the visitors to the monastery “signed” (or, really, had signed for them) their names in the codex’ margins. This includes Suavs such as Trpimir of Croatia, the Pannonian duke Pribina, Kocel also of Pannonia, Rostislav and Svatopluk of Moravia, Braslav of Croatia and Boris-Michael of Bulgaria – as per Alexander Schenker’s The Dawn of Slavic – though you can confirm the same below.
The edition use is the Evangelienhandschift von Cividale by Conrad Ludwig Bethmann (part V of the 1877 Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Beförderung einer Gesammtausgabe der Quellenschriften Deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, volume 2)
Folio 1
finan. cucpald. sunilda. uualto. utpald. garaca. itta. arno.
regelenda.
neofrit. malamila. iusinig gete.
domine miserere famulu tuo foskero diacono.
fesselo. ceseri. marcorus.
antelf.
hos richmond pbr. ernoste pbr. pabo. richeri. ingelscalh
. . titiel . . memorato sie quomodo dimis
odela bega livera puelle. cuno rislinda unegardis ….
et duxit
Folio 1′
iringer rachini ….
gaitepret gifardi flodeberte
habraham uxor eius uuil …. beda sclauo filius eorum
. . . thesia pbr.
Folio 2
cotafrit. erissuint. roteperte. felix diac. iustus pbr
amantinus et bona uxor eius.
felicitas pelerina
nepocor gresic ihon
de tei’ra brasclauo. zelesena. uxor eius hesla. stregemil
filius eorum
motico.
trebenec. dracig. craniohi. millena zelebor. andreas.
uualti hertri pina.
nos i mer gelanus luta . . isa audeberte petrus pbr
henglerioch odelrich arfret.
reginbert otihi . . . gauselinus andreas grimalde martinus
pbr theddad cleri
foscari subd gaugiosus.
engilinda pergildruda [8th or 9th century]
rotecause perterote perga [8th or 9th century]
witirich [9th century]
hadamar kero susanna hunulf cuncpric huduinus pbr
uiceriaut uuolslez grimpert uuolfker.
engelberte adolanna alpote enguelric
audebertus dia maseliosubd [8th century]
uuilliric uuilliric ingildruda.
elinhart rodpret geonilt
kermunt odilint item oclilint adalker palthilt odilint einhart [9th century]
Folio 2′
chotmer
huluolt
erpald [added in the 9th century]
carmanastrepald frederun alboin freuriz [added in the 9th century]
audebertus.
cozil. uuozet. margareta
zelislaua. sebetuh. humislan. d. trebebor. bribibor. trudopulc. amarih.
. . ricpult. teutkart. odlard.
hodelric. ildepret. hunilt. iltelint. richer. alprit. adelpret
artepret inselpret diepruc hicheu conterat.
Folio 3
gagtari
irmingart
teotpert
cotahardus pbr machelm
uuerinolfus ab ellanpertus.
teudericus. albisinda. garardus
adoarde. rodiberte.
uualtelm liutrat gauspert uuipert subdiac.
boselisa. sobemuscla sclauuenca.
ulfihir quoteld
Folio 3′
lodohicus imp: ingelberga regina.
uuardema . . .
hisinard. emeltruda.
hic sunt nomina de bolgaria. inprimis rex illorum Georg
et frater eius dox et alius frater eius gabriel | michahel
et uxor eius maria et filius eius rasäte. et alius gabriel.
et tercius filius simeon. et quartus filius iacob. et filia
eius dei ancella praxi. et alia filia eius anna.
[a hand from the 9th century wrote on the other side: De bolgaria etc]
zergobula f . . ias
odt . . . imus dei servus.
paulo
anastasius diac.
Folio 4
upolt. hoolt. irmisen. uualto filius upold.
frambertus. roco.
albini. mino atala
karsuint
ernust
egono elmeric
teuterihc starcolf atala etela emelrih uuicpald erideo
adaluualr stararahilt ingilart phisila piofa.
pritcot . . . a per e inpere [8th century]
candon . . kerolt folcer elene . . . merd . . . . .
uuilelm. strem.
De bolgaria qui primus venit in isto monasterio. nomen
eius sondoke et uxor eius anna. et pater eius iohannes.
et mater eius maria. et filius . . mihael. et alius filius
eius uuelecneo. et filia eius bogomilla. et alia kalia.
et tercia mar . . . . . elena et quinta maria. et alia
uxor eius sogesclaua. et alius homo bonus. petrus . .
. . . . et georius
[the same hand which wrote ‘hic sunt’ etc. on the prior side]
petrus et uxor eius sofia
iohamies Imperator et uxor eius . . . . da . . . . . . . .
[much has been cut off here]
Folio 4′
mota. eginulfus. ueti. ualto. ermigeri. madoloc. romalde.
adelprete. rodald regimprete adolo.
khaco . sebedrago centeska
porosit. alpiker rihilt
petrus diac. petrus laicus
gisleberte diac.
luiching pbr.
paldmunt. lontpert. lepuns . . ngilsuon . alpker . erchanhart.
lantsuind snelsuind. uualtrih. ruodpold. liuphilt.
sindman. lutheri.
szuentiepulc. szuentezizna predezlaus.
Folio 5
einard.
miramusele zitemer straneca maola u . .
lobonilaica miserere . . . .
cunipret. adelint iacob rumolt reginolt
fredebertus giselbertus.
forti et filio eius bertaldo
orso diac. et orso subd
ratepote rotepertus uarteman m . . . eimo rotecari ernoste
inehich . . angelarius. adelbertus. iohannes. eimo.
Folio 5′
eban . . . . . prebrassclava pressoboda mutacus
felice launia
agathe domnitia iorsia
sedemir
magnus ciprianus suberancius gaginart
perinsuin. isac. stamer. penebod. semidraga.
raginardo. adalrih p cristina zempho chuningund.
heimo pbr. eripert pbr.
iltint. rotlind. rosind.
rengheri preteld helias pretsunt gisuldruta ernosed
giselperte.
. . . . . . itesen . otila . . .
uuerno.
uualto pernger cutpert iltipert iacob engilram gisilbrit
perinart
richeri itiburga et richeri.
egilpert . . itonna . . molcicu
reginarde regichis
orsus pbr
angelgari perteri f [8th century]
ratuuic sebedra hostiarius
domno tripimiro
ulsychari cotild uolbolt
Item noticia commemoratio . . . . . . . . memoria dimisit
et ead . . . . . . . . liberam . . . . suum non per . .
. . per manu stabili pbro in ecclesia . . . . sancti viti
in presentia trialdu . . . . . tus duciolo . . . . . in auro
de fabricato. donis . . . . . R petro pbr
[Langobard writing]
Memento domine famulorum famularum . . . . . . uuitgauo
cö adalpert reginuart austregaus immo. paltilh.
bribina terpimer. petrus. maria dragoiud sabes pizeden
. . . nisl. benedictus. straha. petro. bedoslau. mihahel.
siliz. coten. kanei. drisimer. engildeo. amulpirc. irnpurc.
kissilperga. ernipurc. sedobra . . . . . . . dragoroc.
moeta. couar . . . . arcumis . . . saba. cafrat. iob.
estimer. radasta. ado. eginolt. uuihheri. irminolh. ratpir
hantuni
heita. hunfr . . ella . . paldunc. heito aber . . . hitta
gerpurc de . . . uualtunc petrus . . . gerhart tenzil.
uualtram meginpert enginhart engin . . heripreht ermanhah
. . labrih.
motimira.
rodlorih
adaluni ezzol eliseus
hardradus.
Folio 6
bascilius luciana to . . .
ranpret. rotpric. otolft. [added in the 9th century]
leo diaconos miseriatur tibi deus et perducat te ad honorem
sacerdotalem amen.
serenus pbr
rengari. lub . . . stargai. gupa . . erhpold.
adelgiscls. relifredus diac.
huoto obiit
gotman. mlada. olamir. engisa. olamir. tnibesu . .
radozlau et ego indignus liuprih pbr. estemir. zizemir.
pensezi. moiselaica. ioliannes filius ip . . .
ato. ragenart cadrac.
cundpertus pbr
uincamera et filius eins lihamere.
liupricus p
brasclauo et uxor eius uuentescella
nepokor purcart. purchart heimpertus. nidhartus.
herchanhartus.
yrminsuind. helmker. anzo. heririb. salaho . . . . . .
Folio 6′
. . . . audeberte.
igo unaxegunt adelpret
adeluinus menedraga. trebelio. gomer. merisclafa. souuinnao.
rastisclao. pudaram. citamuscle gonimer. rasmene.
nitrabor. kasno. uuitamusclo. musclonna. negot. lala.
stranamer trebenna
petrus martinus audrisi.
gontrame mecneos emelda
kiummar. kepuni. folrat. sigimar. aato. deotrat. selpker.
imma. hiltigat. erchanhilt. faua. deotrat. zatto. benedicta. adalgilt. aefa
noe. rodi regnolf.
gitta
irminart
ercnil
stamer. audebertus. audalde.
ato adallinda lantbreht. deotere. irfinge
VIII. idus aprilis hoteihza hobiit. IIII. kal. iunias zidepor
hobiit netunsica hobiit. idus iun. histunsis hobiit.
domine miserere famulo tuo ratepoto et famule tue
emeldrut
crepuco uxor et trebe . . . . filius eius trebego . . . .
coseri. siguuich
tesina. slotiuenza
ratpirin.
doblisclaug godesclagua zelesclauua lich . . abraam teuderic
uualderaht. gonteraht soguigai ermescuent semia
presclauonte presclauonte ezamus qulo dabramusclo
romald gon . . .
tonasclauua
uuarimfred. altichari pbr
ludino soguasclaua
hodelart crimilt uuitgou
nesden. antonius. uuitmar. lutomer.
uitalis presb. pantaleo leolina dominicia margarita leo
kerpurc uualtrat.
srlben. sebeteh. primusl
ratari. adelarde. guiso. enderath.
felix pbr. billo. bernardus. sonderade. anna. ratperga.
sinderade
anto. rotcausus.
colotec . . . dego dehi . . . . bla camere oge capontemere [from the 8th century?]
Folio 7
[Here begins Matthew]
tuto. elismot.
zillizio . . enstabeda. nazamyr. brazena
capra. timocenda. ratpot. engelberte orsus. ag . . no.
cunigunda cop . . musclus. tordasclaue
Folio 7′
petrus clericus.
sicmar pbr. iltiricus pbr
sazona diac. casir pbr.
egilpert maco uualto keroch luza isinard cristina eilenrat
gauspert geroch teuterihc teutekher pepo teutoc isinardus
teutekher erhenrart
burhard spita eltifred balduin cristian
altuad. adual celernolt ot adlololt cosuolt odililt adolot.
te . . . gard. uuililm elepurga. dulun. megenelm. uuilipurg
regipurg. marto. olfrit. petro cartolf tetocin.
teutcarda.
Folio 8
heroc estolf rifont uualtrat ingloan gero frater esfilo elisuuint.
martinus pbr.
iohannes diac. donperte. tasa. dommelperte. deusdedi.
foscari sub. petro. guiselperto. rateperte. pergolfe.
liuperte.
gundalbreht . . . . ruodilt hincfrid pato kergoh hernuin erambalde toto
illtri. illtifrit
Folio 8′
peringer. amalbertus. not. uodelbertus. lantpertus. hildirat
iusirhc cofes. stioa. ilteric. siherad. zisola. engelbert, rotepert. trusing. keila.
sinteperto laiquo. frodeberga.
cultruda. liuttefredus. keroc. ingildeo. amelperga. popila. efrunus. kenet ellibertus. aaron. ricpolt. etisa. adelardus. machelt. rotecheri.
Folio 9
helidnui perehfraht. adalbreht. uodelbreht. lantpert. gapert.
anselmus. teudebal . . .
lantperga. digna.
irmiburg loutecard nortprect teutprect ermeng rambolf trosar uuitigau umfrede lantald
gausperte mumald grosman ualtrade pertine fritila lantald. sigini cosprect eginard rigilend egito pbr sigifrede gospret suanelda ricprict
ingeldeo stradosclauua habraham ingeldeo. engelscalquo filio eius ingeldeo engelperen dobrablaste. riheri. trudumund ingledeo. ilpegunt stradasclau.
iohanni aderouinus.
Folio 9′
cherad. orsus pbr. engelporg. recnard. elmegari.
lantaldt abraham. gauspertus et pater eins oberini et mater eius latu.
sigiurid p
engilsuuint gausperte
Folio 10
ricsuent. reginperte. rotfrit. ratichis. rafolt. erquomot. riccard. [9th or 10th century]
petrus pbr.
panco
domine miserere famulo tuo ingulani.
alnolfo. ota. teiiderico. albescenda. girarde. teuderic filiiis eius. erdielde uxor eius. ota. eluualde. sicpalde et filia eius et mater eius engelsenda . . . . oluualde. elengere. regeno. spen . . . lesclaua.
Folio 10′
regneri pbr. alprect. ilpung frater eius. ammo. uualilm. malelm. ernost. ingelsind. teutterih.
Folio 11
domenico. epo. audeberto. andrea. [9th century] gontperto pbr.
luitfrede. tamacano. kotedruc. erconfret. ita. anna uxor erconfret.
Folio 11′
madolind
aspertus. purgman. engilpero. gundbreht. cistei pbr. gotehilt. engilger
salamunt. isanhilt.
Folio 12
munialde. prectini. richald. rotheri
domno karolo imperatore. domno liuttuardo epo
rantecheri. et uxor eius gaiperga et rantheceri filius eius et paco filius eius. ildeberte.
salomon diac.
Folio 12′
domine miserere famulo tuo secundo diac.
Folio 13
cano. dragamer. genenta. nazisir. cano. ponete. seuemuscle. semina hobiit. nedauid. ceco cete.
Folio 13′
uuaniguo clo. rodone. ingelgarde adelberte cotaperte egildrude liutiscenda.
Folio 14
ioliannes pbr. benedictus clericus. reinarte pbr. ato. teupolt. adelperga. antric. reginolt. albini. soniilt. oluult cerult sounabrut.
arigait. siderda. felix.
oimuscle dabraua. dequodesca. misticlau. gohifred. cerna. quocili. priuuinna. gostidrago. semmemuscle. paridra. zidana. pilende. seuella seuella. millas. soidrago. randeco ceresulla sinata. soltin. premil. luban.
Folio 15
albericus. rihpald.
Folio 18
reginprete. quunigunda. odelardus pbr. teu …. tach.
Folio 20′
romult. frederich. heriprat. kadoloc. ce . . . .
Folio 21
olfrant …
Folio 21′
arabriccho
Folio 22′
euco. teuteric. sicharde. messorgo. lobane uxore eius.
engisuind. ualhardus. adalrih. contelmus. gondulft. kepardus. hermenerus. ualdman . . . cundffo persinnt.
iohannes uxor eins bedoslauua.
rotepert sygifrede igilpurge.
Folio 23
num … cozpertus diaconus ildigarius. cralo. ualo. uulcote. milo. uuitego. sighebult. eghelman. isinnere. iltimot. fredebod. adebrat.
presila. petrus filius domno tripemero.
otuuin suitschir.
Folio 26
uitalis clericus. leo clericus
Folio 29′
lubaset.
domine miserere famulo tuo olperto pbo
Folio 30
domine miserere famulo tuo orso diacono: domine miserere servo tuo iohanni clerico
leo.
Folio 32
ianelperga
ianelperga aledruda roteperga todelperga
Folio 38′
semna. uisegneo diac. cruben. uuilan. sedobra.
umberte ricpolte.
Folio 39
. . . uuilkari . zal . . . tridenna . . .
Folio 42
liutpaldus. quunigund
santpulc. isaac. uuiperte. fastpurch. astrapald bulicm . . . bochmir. conder alberihc uolfoch regensuuint.
Folio 42′
domine miserere servo tuo gaudioso diacono domine miserere servo tuo martino pbro
Folio 47
gostichai. sebusca.
Folio 49
presela. uuisseoi pbr.
Folio 51′
. . . . ran . . . ro
Folio 55
clomenicus petirus . iolianne . denna . romana . lannase . maria . marino . iohanne . etmanno et iohanne.
Folio 65
dannamir
Folio 71
erniprete elmite ellena . erceneta . ioltella . teuperte margate prunuare . gisinperga . odolperte asperte
Folio 79
stenedrago.
Folio 79′
* cheroc pero et alio pero pychil ratipir hirlumul ingelpir pirigint uertila urto leo pbr.
Folio 80′
. . . . . castemyr gherolt . iustin . teurat . teutpult.
Folio 94′
quonimant . teutperga . filii eorum fredebert kerat engelmot.
Folio 95
prisnata.
Folio 98′
olodrag olomer pigimer cotes sitigoi mirogoi
vuerinolfus . sigifrid . diotpald . sigihart . adam . kerurid . arurid . zeizmunt . ionpert . engilrih . uuolfhart . ellinpert . ellinpert . kotapert . riginpata . engildrud . reginlind . liutuna . vualtpert . zeizmunt . adalrih . zeizpold . vuanpert . perahkart . liuphilt . kotapurc . adalruod . ratolt . keruualah . hiltimeri . pirihtilo . adalurid . vuillipurc . iohannes . perahkoz . hero . anthelm.
emeld . fredruna . adilinda . piligid . adelsinda . perold . soanegilda . teuderada.
teuto . euerarde . gonterammus . teuderic . teuderic . emild . agatha . toda . ualtechari .
[hereafter the entire Gospelof Mark is cut out; after folio 99 there follows the Gospel of Lucas]
Folio 99
stagai . ebo.
Folio 102′
zidizlau pbr . rihpert pbr . altrib pbr . paldmunt pbr . rodun pbr . zabau . liutisti . munemer . ratolf . altfrid . liutolt . sepino . sirnamus . mirona . dobrodei . priuuigor . zla . nazzeg.
brannimero comiti . mariosa cometissa.
elymburt . frederut . cherni.
Folio 106′
emmina . enchelsint . uuinburga . suaue . arbona . katila . leuderade . ualtila . ualtila . engelmot . arpana.
Folio 107
elymburga . alia elymburga . hequo . erchengeri . ricpret . odelbert . suapric . frouult . otepret . holtepret . rampret . ermouuit . karnenad . liutecheri . hengilburga . uualtila . emmina.
Folio 118′
domine miserere famulo tuogiselperto sub [ilu]* in bonum amen GVISELPERTO SUB ROTecauso gonteperga.
[*very unclear; maybe only an abbreviation for ‘deacon’]
[All written by one hand in the 9th century. On the next page the writing by the same hand and with same ink continues]
Folio 119
domine miserere famulo tuo guiselperto sub rotecauso gonteperga bertalde
domine miserere famulo tuo giselperto sub . domine miserere famulo tuo guiselperto sub. GISELPERTO SUB.
Folios 129′ & 130
deuto . guiselarde . ghero . ledi . xpiano . predeclao . adelric . liupari . altepret . tunisclaua . miltrut . ubisclaua . ermizenda . guernunt . ramilt . uilet . adelfret . ratolfe.
Folio 136
uuilermus . liccause ergefrede.
Folio 145
sedesclao . preuui . . . . . merulla . elemperte . elengeri . pertilt . ederam . liupilt.
Folio 151
isaac diac.
casinus teuderada . innila . suuy . iacob . berengarius.
Folios 162′ & 163
petri pbri . luponi . dominici . felicis . petri . uitaliani pbri . teudmari pontificis uenantii adoni pauli liuperti felicis audberti
[all written by one hand continuously 9th century with one ink on the upper and lower edge of Folios 162′ and 163]
Folio 167
ulfecheri . godesclaua . ratulfe . oltecheri. onnia . sclauica. encheldeo . et alius encheldeo . albegunda . stradesclaua . percot . riccoth . adelpret . liutichis pbr . teutilt . subimer.
Folios 178′ & 179
otelm iltrut extilis tetmot artuin epis
[9th century, or perhaps 10th]
Folio 181′
stano pbr.
audalde diacones misereatur ei omnipotens deus amen deo gratias semper amen.
Folio 187
deusdedit
Folio 196
miserere domine deus omnipotens famulo tuo martino diacono et conserva cum semper in tua mia amen deo gratias amen; giselpert; gisabertalde teutepalde lobo adelperga liuperga arigaite aurosarateperga sonteperga audredaratecause gisa sinteperte adelberga beralde
[written by one hand continuously without separating words, 9th century]
Folio 196′
rambertus . hecquo . ata . rumolt pbr . gheresit . elimbur . alia elimbur . hesotf.
Folio 203
domine miserere famulo tuo olperto pbro. domine miserere famulo tuo iohanne diacono . ambo fratres. domine miserere famulo tuo audolfo clerico.
Folio 213′
prenenon . milei . pomego . dobrosisne . isaika . trehenta . deoste . sesite . trebenna . stram . semigir musclasete . sal . luca.
Folio 214
turdamere . zababerado neme ral . domamir . ciagrota . exumila . p mer . draineste sidesci nesir.
[8th or 9th century]
Folio 215
. . . . . . . . adoloc . rimfrit . erminad . adoloc . iste adoloc . ista nomina scribere rogavit.
[added in the 9th century]
Folio 219
irminrat.
Folio 221′
domine miserere famulo tuo iohanni clerico . domine miserere famulo tuo feli clerico.
Folio 236′ & 237
ratgoi et uxor eins reginsunda . patricus . bribislau . martinus . todoro kameraz . georgius . pacemira.
Folio 238
sebedrac
Folio 245
domine miserere famulo tuo baldoni subdiacono.
Folio 250′
irmilihit.
Folio 268′
degodelka . dallimere . bellica . fllius eius . minidrago . iohannes . cerelulla . filia eius . thesconna.
Folio 270′
nenadei . glauoz.
[The following folios are lost]
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